There may be an additional 34,000 unconfirmed genes, bringing the total gene count to around 60,000. The bug's large genome has around 26,000 confirmed genes, which is on par with the human genome. The Trichomonas vaginalis genome contains a large number of repeat sequences, which could be used to devise a diagnostic test that would specifically identify this pathogen, says Dr. The genome could help with diagnostics, too. "So the idea is that maybe we can use these drugs to target Trichomonas," explains Dr. A class of antiretroviral HIV drugs already exists to target this peptidase. One enzyme, a peptidase, is similar to a peptidase in HIV. For example, the researchers discovered several genes and proteins not found in humans, which is important information for drug developers. There are few drugs used to treat Trichomonas vaginalis and the genome can help expand the possibilities. The project was funded by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), which is part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Her main collaborator in this project was Patricia Johnson, Ph.D., from the University of California, Los Angeles. Carlton performed the bulk of the work while a scientist at The Institute for Genomic Research (TIGR) in Rockville, Maryland. The Trichomonas vaginalis genome project began in 2002 and has involved 66 researchers in 10 countries with expertise in cell biology, biochemistry and bioinformatics. "It is quite astonishing that this disease does not receive the attention it should," says Dr. This process is not mandatory for trichomoniasis. In the U.S., for example, physicians must report cases of syphilis, gonorrhea or chlamydia to local and state health authorities who report the figures to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. These numbers are estimates because patients are not officially tallied. Worldwide, Trichomonas vaginalis infects an estimated 170 million people a year. The parasite can cause urogenital infections such as urethritis and prostatitis. In men, trichomoniasis symptoms are usually mild such as a burning sensation after urination. Pregnant women with trichomoniasis risk delivering their babies pre-term or with a lowered birth weight. Trichomoniasis increases susceptibility to HIV, the virus causing AIDS. Acute infections are associated with pelvic inflammatory disease. Women infected by the parasite can experience genital itching, vaginal discharge, and sometimes pain during urination or intercourse and an inflamed cervix.
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The parasite also secretes a series of proteins that destroy vaginal epithelial cells, which make up the surface of vaginal tissue. For example, in women, the parasite latches onto the vaginal lining and forms tendril-like projections into the tissue. They published the draft sequence of the parasite's genome in the Jan.
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Led by Jane Carlton, Ph.D., an Associate Professor in the Department of Medical Parasitology at New York University School of Medicine, the team of scientists took four years to crack the surprisingly large genome of the single-celled parasite Trichomonas vaginalis. According to the World Health Organization trichomoniasis affects an estimated 170 million people a year and is an under-diagnosed global health problem. Scientists have finally deciphered the genome of the parasite causing trichomoniasis, a feat that is already providing new approaches to improve the diagnosis and treatment of this sexually transmitted disease. of Medical Parasitology, NYU School of Medicine A team led by Jane Carlton, Ph.D., at NYU School of Medicine has sequenced the parasite's genome. Image: A sketch of the single-celled parasite Trichomonas vaginalis, which causes an under-diagnosed sexually transmitted disease.
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